"Heading" the soccer ball
Soccer has become a popular sport for children and adolescents. A unique feature of soccer is that participants can use their heads to direct the ball. This technique is referred to as "heading." Using improper form and/or technique could result in a concussion, which is any change in the way the brain functions as a result of trauma.
Can heading the soccer ball cause problems with brain function?
Several research studies have looked at this question and the results have been conflicting. At present, there are no studies which show that repeated heading of a soccer ball causes long-term problems with thinking or memory.
Is heading the soccer ball safe for children?
Soccer is a contact sport that carries a risk of head injury and collision. Most head injuries that occur during soccer occur when a player hits his head against the ground or collides with another player. Heading the ball does not seem be a significant cause of acute injury. Most research studies examining the safety of heading have involved collegiate and professional soccer players. We don't have any long term research studies to show that heading is safe for children. Based on the data that is available, physicians recommend that children who play soccer be taught good heading technique and use a ball that is age-appropriate. Young children may not be have the developmental skills necessary for proper heading which could lead to an increased risk of injuries to the skull, neck, and spine. However, improper heading at any age may expose a player to risk.
At what age should they be allowed to start heading the ball?
There is no consensus in the medical and coaching community about when children should be allowed to be begin heading. The American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO) does not recommend heading below the age of ten.
What are some of the fundamentals proper heading technique?
- The goal is to contact the ball on the forehead at or near the hairline (the area where you would place your hand to detect a fever).
- The player should be active; the popular coaching adage is “hit the ball; don't let the ball hit you.”
- The player's body should have the chin tucked toward the chest.
- The arms are usually placed forward for better balance and to protect the player from other players.
Will wearing protective headgear help prevent concussion?
No studies have proven that headgear reduces concussion rates in soccer players. Laboratory studies using dummies and sensors to monitor force have suggested that headgear may help decrease the risk of head injury as a result of players colliding.
When can a player return to soccer following a head injury?
Every head injury is unique. Children and teens are especially vulnerable to having long-term problems if they return to contact sports too quickly following a head injury. If your child is involved in a collision during soccer and has symptoms of concussion such as headache, memory or concentration difficulty, mood changes, or dizziness, he or she should be evaluated by a physician with experience in treating concussions prior to being allowed to return to play.