- aural atresia
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the absence of a normal opening into the ear. It is most commonly found in only one ear but can occur in both ears.
See also Ear, nose and throat (Otolaryngology)
- cleft lip
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a birth abnormality in which the tissues forming the lip do not completely fuse. The degree of the cleft lip can vary greatly, from mild (notching of the lip) to severe (large opening from the lip up through the nose). Cleft lip may also be seen in conjunction with cleft palate. Fetal cleft lip can be diagnosed by ultrasound before birth.
See also Fetal cleft lip and palate; Institute for Fetal Health
- cleft palate
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a birth abnormality in which the roof of the mouth does not completely fuse, leaving an opening that can extend into the nasal cavity. The cleft may involve either side of the palate. It can extend from the front of the mouth (hard palate) to the throat (soft palate). Cleft palate may also be seen in conjunction with cleft lip. Fetal cleft lip can sometimes be diagnosed before birth by ultrasound.
See also Amniotic band birth defects; Fetal cleft lip and palate; Institute for Fetal Health; Rehabilitative services; Jacob's new jaw
- congenital
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present at birth
See also The Heart Center at Children's Memorial Hospital
- congenital hand problems
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abnormalities such as extra fingers and toes, webbed fingers, club hand, absent thumbs. Fetal diagnosis of hand problems by ultrasound is often difficult or impossible due to infants' near-constant movement. Very early sonograms (12 weeks) often yield the most reliable images.
See also Institute for Fetal Health; Rehabilitative services
- cranial deformities
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abnormalities of the skull. Fetal cranial abnormalities are diagnosed by unltrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before birth.
See also Head Shape Evaluation Program; Institute for Fetal Health; Neurosurgery; Rehabilitative services
- craniosynostosis
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premature closing and bone formation in the normally open areas of the skull. Fetal craniosynostosis is diagnosed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before birth.
See also Fetal craniosynostosis; Institute for Fetal Health
- hemangiomas
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collections of extra blood vessels in the skin and one of the most common skin problems in the first year of life
See also Dermatology; Hemangiomas; My daughter's hemangioma
- hemifacial microsomia (also called Goldenhar syndrome)
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a condition in which the tissues on one side of the face are underdeveloped, affecting primarily the ear (aural), mouth (oral), and jaw (mandibular) areas. Sometimes, both sides of the face can be affected and may involve the skull, as well as the face.
- oral trauma
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injury to the mouth and jaw
See also Dentistry
- trauma
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a physical injury or wound caused by an external force which may cause death or permanent disability. Trauma is also used to describe severe emotional or psychological shock or distress.
See also Critical care (Pediatric Intensive Care Unit); Motion Analysis Center; Orthopaedic surgery/Sports and rehabilitative medicine; Pulmonary habilitation program; Surgery (general); When seconds count; When seconds count; Helping schools care for kids after traumatic events