Glossary of terms

bursitis

an inflammation of the bursas

See also Rheumatology

cerebral palsy (CP)

a broad term that describes a group of neurological (brain) disorders. It is a life-long condition that affects the communication between the brain and the muscles, causing a permanent state of uncoordinated movement and posturing. CP is the result of an episode that causes a lack of oxygen to the brain.

See also Cerebral palsy; Cerebral palsy; Motion Analysis Center; Neurology; Planned giving; Refereed scientific articles published or accepted for publication; Rehabilitative services; Connor goes the distance

hip dysplasia

an array of hip problems that if identified early have a good prognosis

See also Motion Analysis Center

Osgood-Schlatter disease

An overuse condition or injury of the knee that causes pain and swelling below the knee area.

osteogenesis imperfecta (also called OI or brittle-bone disease)

an inherited disorder characterized by bones that break easily due to a mutation in collagen. Fetal osteogenesis can be suggested by ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

See also Genetics, birth defects and metabolism; Institute for Fetal Health; Searching the world over: David's story

osteomyelitis

an infection in the bone.

See also Osteomyelitis

osteoporosis

a progressive condition in which bone density is lost, or there is insufficient bone formation.

osteosarcoma (also called osteogenic sarcoma)

a cancer which affects the bone

See also Cancer (oncology); Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders; Osteogenic sarcoma

skeletal dysplasias

result from mutations that affect the growth and development of cartilage and bone. The bones may not only be short, but they may be abnormally shaped, as well. Fetal skeletal dysplasias are diagnosed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before birth and x-rays after birth.

See also Fetal skeletal dysplasia; Genetics, birth defects and metabolism; Institute for Fetal Health; MPS treatment options

spina bifida (also called meningomyelocele or neural tube defect)

Present at birth, the condition affects the development of the back bones, spinal cord, surrounding nerves, and the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the spinal cord. This neurological condition can cause a portion of the spinal cord and the surrounding structures to develop outside, instead of inside, the body. The sac-like lesion can occur anywhere along the spine. Fetal spina bifida is diagnosed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) so that special preparations can be made for optimal care at delivery.

See also Fetal spina bifida; Institute for Fetal Health; Motion Analysis Center; Neurosurgery; Our spina bifida program; Planned giving; Refereed scientific articles published or accepted for publication; Spina bifida; Spina bifida information for teens and young adults; Aaron receives expert spina bifida care; Bridget's remarkable triumph; Kelly conquers spina bifida; Spina bifida patients to get their own places

spine deformities (scoliosis; kyphosis; lordosis)

abnormal development/shape of the spine

sports injuries

includes a wide variety of sports-related injuries

See also "Burnout" in young athletes (overtraining syndrome); "Little League elbow" (medial epicondylar apophysitis); "Little League shoulder" (proximal humeral epiphysitis); Achilles tendonitis; Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury; Gymnast wrist (distal radial epiphysitis); High ankle sprain (syndesmosis sprain); Injury prevention guidelines for young baseball pitchers; Knee Injury Prevention Program (KIPP®); Metatarsal stress fracture; Motion Analysis Center; Multidirectional shoulder instability; Overview of Motion Analysis Center; Overview of Institute for Sports Medicine; Patellar tendonitis; Pitching biomechanics analysis; Pitching research; Sports injuries and medical conditions; Sports injury prevention tips; Stinger or burner (brachial plexus injury from sports); Thigh contusion (bruise); Training to Reduce injuries in Active Kids (TRAK®); Turf toe (sprain of the 1st metatarsal-phalengeal joint); What happens during a pitching biomechanics analysis?

trauma

a physical injury or wound caused by an external force which may cause death or permanent disability. Trauma is also used to describe severe emotional or psychological shock or distress.

See also Cardiovascular-thoracic surgery; Critical care (Pediatric Intensive Care Unit); Motion Analysis Center; Plastic and reconstructive surgery; Pulmonary habilitation program; Surgery (general); When seconds count; When seconds count